问答题(1947年河南大学

表通常十进数 345 为二进数

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一个分数的分子与分母之和为 38,其分子和分母都减去15,约分后得到1/3,则这个分数的分母与分子之差为【 】

In the sequence 7,76,769,7692,76923,769230,… ,the nth term is given by the first n digits after the decimal point in the expansion of 10/13=0.7692307692⋯.Prove that of the first 60 terms of the sequence, at least 49 have three or more prime factors (repeated prime factors are allowed; for example, 76=2×2×19 has three prime factors).【译】在10/13=0.7692307692⋯的十进制表示中,由小数点后的前n位数构成数列:7,76,769,7692,76923,769230,… ,求证:在该数列的前60项中,至少有49项有三个或以上的素因子(包含重复的素因子,例如76=2×2×19有三个素因子).

Consider an odd prime p and a positive integer N<50p. Let a1,a2,⋯,aN be a list of positive integers less than p such that any specific value occurs at most 51/100 N times and a1,a2,⋯,aN is not divisible by p. Prove that there exists a permutation b1,b2,⋯,bN of the a_i such that, for all k=1,2,⋯,N, the sum b1+b2+⋯+bk is not divisible by p.【译】已知奇素数p和正整数N<50p.设a1,a2,⋯,aN是一些小于p的正整数,同一数值至多出现51/100 N次,且a1+a2+⋯+aN不能被p整除.证明:存在a_i的一个排列:b1,b2,⋯,bN,使得对任意的k=1,2,⋯,N,都有b1+b2+⋯+bk不能被p整除.

Fix integers a and b greater than 1. For any positive integer n, let rn be the (non-negative) remainder that bn leaves upon division by an. Assume there exists a positive integer N such that rn<2n/n for all integers n≥N.Prove that a divides b.给定大于1的整数a和b.对任意的正整数n,记rn为bn除以an的非负余数.若存在正整数N,使得对任意的n≥N,都有rn<2n/n.证明:a整除b.

若整数m=paqbrc,其p,q,r为质数(primes), 试求m所有约数之个数.

将 81 分为两整数,其一为 8 之倍数,其他为 5 之倍数.

已知a,b为正整数,a<b,且a,b互质.若关于x,y的不等式ax+by≤ab有且仅有2023组正整数解,则(a,b)=____________________(求出满足题意的所有可能数组).

设有理数r=p/q∈(0,1),其中p,q为互素的正整数,且pq整除3600.这样的有理数r的个数为________.

给定正整数k(k≥2)与k个非零实数a1,a2,⋯,ak.证明:至多有有限个k元整数组(n1,n2,⋯,nk),满足n1,n2,⋯,nk互不相同,且a1∙n1 !+a2∙n2 !+⋯+ak∙nk !=0.

设整数n≥4.证明:若n整除2n-2,则(2n-2)/n是合数.