高中数学-高考试题(清华大学 1949年圆)

证明题（1949年清华大学）

已知PA,PB,PC为过圆周上点P三弦，PT为圆之切线，设有一直线与PT平行，交PA,PB,PC于A',B',C'三点.

求证：PA∙PA'=PB∙PB'=PC∙PC'.

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讨论

高中数学

已知角 A 及角内一点 P，求作过 P 点的直线，使其在 A 角内之部分被 P 点平分.

清华大学解方程

有连续三整数，其平方和为 50，求此三数.

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曲线xy=a²上一切线与坐标轴成一三角形，求此三角形的面积.

清华大学行列式

求适合于下列方程组的比例值：

圆

如图，AD=BC=6，AB=20，∠ABC=∠DAB=120°，O为AB中点，曲线CMD上所有的点到O的距离相等，MO⊥AB，P为曲线CM上的一动点，点Q与点P关于OM对称.(1)若P在点C的位置，求∠POB的大小; (2)求五边形MQABP面积的最大值.

Suppose a convex pentagon ABCDE such that BC=DE.If there exists a point T inside ABCDE suchthat TB=TD TC=TE and ∠ABT=∠TEA. AB meet CD and CT at point P and Q respectively, withP,B,A,Q in this order on the same line. AE meet CD and DT at point R and S respectively, with R,E,A,S in this order on the same line.Prove that P,S,Q,R are on the same circle.译文：设凸五边形ABCDE满足BC=DE.若在ABCDE内存在一点T使得TB=TD,TC=TE且∠ABT= ∠TEA.直线AB分别与直线CD和CT交于点P和Q，且P,B,A,Q在同一直线上按此顺序排列;直线AE分别与直线CD和DT交于点R和S，且R,E,A,S在同一直线上按此顺序排列.证明：P,S,Q,R 四点共圆.

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圆内各等弦中点之轨迹为一同心圆周，试证之.

设由圆外一点作一切线一割线，证明此切线为割线及其圆外线分的比例中率.

设一圆之半径为 25 尺，其外切四边形之圆界为 400 尺，试求此四边形之面积。

作通过二定点，中心在一定直线上之圆.

任意之外切四边形，相对两边之和等于其他相对两边之和，试证明之.

If two circles tangent at C and a common exterior tangent touches the circles in A and B, the angle ACB is a right angle.

内接于圆之平行四边形为矩形，其对角线通过圆心，试证明之.

平面几何

Let n be a positive integer. A“Northern European Square Matrix (NESM) is an n×n square containing all the integers from 1 to n²,so that there is exactly one number in each grid.The two different grids are neighbours if they share a common edge.A grid is called a "valley”if the integer in it in smaller than the integers in all the neighbours of the grid. An "uphill path”is a sequence containing one or more grids satisfying:(i)the frist grid of the sequence is a valley,(ii) each subsequent grid in the sequence is the neighbour of its previous grid,(iii) the integers in the girds of the sequence is incremented.Figure out the minimum possible value of the number of uphill paths in a NESM which should be represented by a function of n.译文：令n为一个正整数，一个“北欧方阵”是一个包含1至n²所有整数的n×n的方格表，使得每个方格中恰有一个数字。两个相异方格如果有公共边，称它们是相邻的。如果一个方格内的数字比所有相邻方格内的数字都小，称其为“山谷”。一条“上坡路径”是一个包含一或多个方格的序列，满足：(1)序列的第一个方格是山谷；(2)序列中随后的每个方格都和前一个方格相邻；(3)序列中方格所写的数字递增。试求一个北欧方阵中山坡路径的最小可能值，以n的函数表示之。

Homologous sides of two similar polygons have the ratio of 5 to 9 , the sum of the areas is 212 sq. ft. Find the area of each figure.

Twos tations,A and B on opposite side of a mountain, are both visible from a third station C. The distance AC=3m.CB=5m and the angle ACB=60°. Find the distance between A and B.

求内接于圆之正六角形与外切正三角形之面积之比.

两圆相外切 (tangent externally) 于 A，又有一外公切线 (common external tangent) 切两圆于 B 及 C，试证 ∠BAC 为直角(right angle).

已知三角形之三角及其面积，求作其圆.

Two straight roads intersect at an angle of 30°. If two automobiles start at the same time at the junction, one at the rate of 60 miles an hour and the other atthe rate of 40 miles an hour, how far apart will they be in 15 minutes?

一定点 D在 AB 及 AC 两直线间，求作过 D至 AB、AC 两线之直线，并 D为所作线之三等分点之一点，并证有二此等线.

试证圆内之等弦距圆心均等.又证圆内之两等弦相交割其所割相当之部分各相等.

n 多边形诸角之和=______.